Keratosis is a group of skin conditions marked by excessive keratinization of the epidermis (the skin’s outer layer). It shows up as thickened patches, rough bumpy growths, and spots of various colors, from flesh-toned to reddish or brown.
There are several main types of keratosis:
- Actinic (solar) keratosis — a precancerous condition caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light. Most often appears on exposed skin in people over 40.
- Seborrheic keratosis — benign growths of epidermal cells, appearing as plaques of various colors stuck to the skin. Usually appears with age.
- Follicular keratosis — a hereditary condition in which hair follicles become clogged with keratin, producing small bumps resembling «goosebumps.»
- Keratosis pilaris — a form of follicular keratosis appearing as small red or brown bumps, often accompanied by inflammation.
Depending on the type of keratosis, treatment can include topical retinoids, exfoliants containing salicylic or lactic acid, cryotherapy (freezing with liquid nitrogen), laser therapy, or surgical removal.
It’s worth noting that some forms of keratosis, especially actinic keratosis, can turn malignant, so a dermatologist consultation is recommended if such skin changes appear.
In the context of the scene described in the novel, keratosis heightens the effect of revulsion and physical disgust the character feels toward his own hugely magnified face, underscoring the naturalistic, grotesque quality of the description.